My research program investigates the high sensitivity of the cardiovascular system to the detrimental effects of inhaled toxicants including particulate air pollution, tobacco product aerosols, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as aldehydes. The sensitivity of the cardiovascular system is dependent on metabolism of inhaled and endogenously-generated aldehydes and selective targets of these aldehydes (e.g., receptors). For example, we recently found a role of the sensory system and the Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin-1 (TRPA1) in detection of noxious inhaled compounds and the triggering of nocifensive pulmonary and cardiovascular reflexes (Kratschmer Reflex) that lead to endothelial dysfunction. These responses are important in the context of environmental (e.g., wildfire smoke exposure) and tobacco product-derived exposures especially their potential utility in assessing cardiopulmonary disease risk of use of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS; e-cigarettes) and also exposures to environmental pollutants.